浏览服务器或网络共享中的文件

您可以连接到一个服务器或网络共享文件夹上，浏览和查看里面的文件，就像是查看本地计算机一样。这在互联网中下载和上传文件很方便，或者在局域网中跟其他人共享文件。

To browse files over the network, open the Files application from the desktop, and click Other Locations in the sidebar. The file manager will find any computers on your local area network that advertise their ability to serve files. If you want to connect to a server on the internet, or if you do not see the computer you’re looking for, you can manually connect to a server by typing in its internet/network address.

连接到一台文件服务器

  1. In the file manager, click Other Locations in the sidebar.

  2. In Connect to Server, enter the address of the server, in the form of a URL. Details on supported URLs are listed below.

    如果您之前连接过那个服务器，还可以点击最近的服务器列表。

  3. Click Connect. The files on the server will be shown. You can browse the files just as you would for those on your own computer. The server will also be added to the sidebar so you can access it quickly in the future.

输入 URL 网址

URL 或 统一资源定位符，是一个指向网络位置或文件的地址，网址格式如下：

scheme://servername.example.com/folder

The scheme specifies the protocol or type of server. The example.com portion of the address is called the domain name. If a username is required, it is inserted before the server name:

scheme://username@servername.example.com/folder

一些服务需要指定端口号，插在域名之后。

scheme://servername.example.com:port/folder

下面列出了支持的各种服务类型范例。

服务器类型

You can connect to different types of servers. Some servers are public, and allow anybody to connect. Other servers require you to log in with a username and password.

在服务器上您可能没有权限去执行特定的操作，比如在一个公共 FTP 站点上，您不大可能被允许删除文件。

您输入的网址，取决于服务器使用的文件共享方式。

SSH

如果您有服务器的SSH帐号，您可以使用它来连接。许多网络主机提供 SSH 帐户，成员可以安全上传文件，SSH 服务器总是需要用户登录。

典型的 SSH 网址如下所示：

ssh://username@servername.example.com/folder

When using SSH, all the data you send (including your password) is encrypted so that other users on your network can’t see it.

FTP (需登录)

使用 FTP 是一种在因特网上传输文件的流行方法。因为通过 FTP 传输的数据未经加密，所以许多服务器现在都提供 SSH 访问。但是，对某些服务器仍可以或要求使用 FTP 上传或下载文件。通过要求登录的 FTP 站点，通常可以删除和上载文件。

典型的 FTP 网址如下所示：

ftp://username@ftp.example.com/path/

公开的 FTP

Sites that allow you to download files will sometimes provide public or anonymous FTP access. These servers do not require a username and password, and will usually not allow you to delete or upload files.

典型的匿名 FTP 服务器网址如下所示：

ftp://ftp.example.com/path/

Some anonymous FTP sites require you to log in with a public username and password, or with a public username using your email address as the password. For these servers, use the FTP (with login) method, and use the credentials specified by the FTP site.

Windows 共享

Windows 系统使用一个私有协议在局域网上共享文件，Windows 网络中的计算机有用域来分组，用于更好地组织和控制访问。如果您有访问远程计算机的权限，您可以通过文件管理器来连接一个 Windows 共享。

典型的 Windows 共享网址如下所示：

smb://servername/Share

WebDAV 和安全 WebDAV

Based on the HTTP protocol used on the web, WebDAV is sometimes used to share files on a local network and to store files on the internet. If the server you’re connecting to supports secure connections, you should choose this option. Secure WebDAV uses strong SSL encryption, so that other users can’t see your password.

A WebDAV URL looks like this:

dav://example.hostname.com/path

NFS share

UNIX computers traditionally use the Network File System protocol to share files over a local network. With NFS, security is based on the UID of the user accessing the share, so no authentication credentials are needed when connecting.

A typical NFS share URL looks like this:

nfs://servername/path